{"id":83023,"date":"2023-05-01T18:49:09","date_gmt":"2023-05-02T01:49:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogv2prod.wpenginepowered.com\/blog\/?p=83023"},"modified":"2024-12-19T06:26:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-19T14:26:12","slug":"tire-valve-stem-basics-types-operation-replacement-costs-and-more","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/tire-valve-stem-basics-types-operation-replacement-costs-and-more\/","title":{"rendered":"Tire Valve Stem Basics: Types, Operation, Replacement Costs, and More"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span><style>.kadence-column83023_20e660-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column83023_20e660-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column83023_20e660-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column83023_20e660-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column83023_20e660-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column83023_20e660-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column83023_20e660-27{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column83023_20e660-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column83023_20e660-27 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column83023_20e660-27 inner-column-1 qk-look-widget\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-row ultp-block-1942cd  qk-main-wrap\"><div class=\"ultp-row-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-row-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-column ultp-block-a7570a\"><div class=\"ultp-column-wrapper\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading83023_fd2900-07, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading83023_fd2900-07[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading83023_fd2900-07\"]{text-align:center;font-size:20px;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading83023_fd2900-07 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading83023_fd2900-07[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading83023_fd2900-07\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-family:Inter;font-weight:500;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading83023_fd2900-07 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading83023_fd2900-07[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading83023_fd2900-07\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"kt-adv-heading83023_fd2900-07 summary-title wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading83023_fd2900-07\"><span>Summary<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A typical tire valve stem consists of a core, cap, and body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Three common types: rubber valve stem, high-pressure valve stem, and high-performance valve stem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Experts recommend replacing the tire valve stem every time you install a new set of tires.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A tire valve stem is the small pin sticking out of the tire that holds air and lets you inflate or deflate the tire as needed.<\/strong> As small as it might be, the tire valve stem plays a big role in ensuring your vehicle&rsquo;s proper operation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">An Overview of the Tire Valve Stem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The tire valve, also known as the Schrader valve, was invented by August Schrader in 1844 for the Goodyear Brothers. Schrader valves are considered universal valves that can also be found on motorcycles and trucks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Other variants, such as the Presta and Dunlop valves, are mostly found on bicycle tubes instead of motorized vehicles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compared to the Presta and Dunlop valves, the Schrader valve is the largest and the most common type to be used in compressed gas and pressurized liquid applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aside from tires, the valve stem is also used in various systems, such as fuel injection, air conditioning, and air shock systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Parts of a Tire Valve Stem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A typical tire valve stem consists of a core, cap, and body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-closeup-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"car tire valve stem closeup\" class=\"wp-image-83050\" style=\"width:1024px;height:683px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-closeup-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-closeup-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-closeup-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-closeup-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-closeup-scaled.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-closeup-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-closeup-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-closeup-150x100.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A typical tire valve stem consists of a core, cap, and body.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Valve Core<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The valve core sits between the cap and body. It serves as the inner sealing portion of the valve stem and prevents air from escaping the tire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Valve Cap<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/tire-valve-stem-cap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"valve cap\">valve cap<\/a> prevents moisture and debris from contaminating the valve core. It can either be plastic or metal with a knurled or hexagon design.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Valve Body<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The valve body is the component that houses the valve core. It comes with standard threads where the cap is screwed on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Types of Tire Valve Stems<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are generally three types of valve stems&#19968;rubber, high-pressure, and high-performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rubber Valve Stem<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The rubber valve stem is commonly used in passenger vehicles that require a tire pressure of 65 PSI or below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The size for this type usually ranges anywhere between 0.7&rdquo; to 2.5&rdquo;. Rubber valve stems usually fit rim holes with a diameter of 0.453&rdquo; or 0.625&rdquo;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some rubber valve stems sport a chrome sleeve and valve cap to give tires a more enhanced look, but these variants generally have the same specifications as the standard rubber tire valve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">High-Pressure Valve Stem<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">High-pressure valve stems are designed for medium to heavy-duty trucks and trailers with steel wheels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This type is for vehicles that require a maximum cold inflation pressure of 80 to 100 PSI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"article-search-widget\">\n<div class=\"cp-search\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cld.partsimg.com\/image\/upload\/w_auto,dpr_auto\/carparts\/logos\/badge_wordmark\/full_color\/CP_LOGO_COLOUR_RGB\" alt=\"CarParts.com\" width=\"300\" height=\"56\">\n<\/div>\n<form id=\"cpsearchform\" name=\"cpsearchform\" action=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/search\" method=\"get\" target=\"_blank\" accept-charset=\"character_set\" aria-label=\"search CarParts.com\">\n    <input type=\"text\" class=\"keyword\" name=\"q\" placeholder=\"Search for parts on CarParts.com\" value=\"\" aria-label=\"Search CarParts.com\"><input type=\"submit\" class=\"btn-search\" value=\"Search\" aria-label=\"Search\">\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The size of high-pressure valve stems can range from 1.25&rdquo; to 2.0&rdquo;. Similar to the rubber valve stem, this type comes in two rim hole fittings&#19968;0.453&rdquo; and 0.625&rdquo;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">High-Performance Valve Stem<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">High-performance valve stems are designed for race cars and vehicles that are driven at over 130 mph. This valve stem can hold a maximum cold inflation pressure of 200 PSI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">High-performance valve stems usually have a standard diameter of 0.453&rdquo; and 0.625&rdquo;, but they also come in rim hole fittings of 0.236&rdquo; and 0.315&rdquo;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unlike the two valve stems, this comes in two fitting types. High-performance valve stems can have their retaining or holding nut inside or outside the tire&rsquo;s rim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Explained<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some valve stems are connected to a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/what-is-a-tpms-sensor-signs-and-causes-of-failure-and-more\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"tire pressure monitoring sensor\">tire pressure monitoring sensor<\/a>, which alerts the engine computer whenever one of the tires is underinflated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/understanding-tpms-how-to-reset-the-tire-pressure-light-more\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"TPMS\">TPMS<\/a> is an indirect system that relies on the information gathered by wheel speed sensors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This system monitors the rotating speed of diagonal tires and checks whether or not one of the tires is producing a smaller rolling radius than the other.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The TPMS adds the speed of diagonal tires and subtracts that value from the other set of tires. If the difference is less than or equal to a threshold value, the system won&rsquo;t send a signal to the powertrain control module (PCM).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But if the difference in inflation pressure is 12 PSI or more, the PCM will activate the low tire pressure warning lamp to alert the driver that one of the tires is underinflated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tire Valve Stem Replacement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Experts recommend replacing the tire valve stem every time you get a new set of tires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although you can replace a valve stem without removing the tire, the stem&rsquo;s rubber components can dry out and crack, which can lead to air leaks or total air loss.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A tire valve stem replacement can cost around $10 and is generally considered an easy task. But if you&rsquo;re thinking about bringing your vehicle to an auto repair shop to get the job done, you might need to shell out a couple more bucks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-being-replaced-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"car tire valve stem being replaced\" class=\"wp-image-83051\" style=\"width:1024px;height:683px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-being-replaced-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-being-replaced-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-being-replaced-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-being-replaced-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-being-replaced-scaled.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-being-replaced-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-being-replaced-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-being-replaced-150x100.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Experts recommend replacing the tire valve stem every time you get a new set of tires.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before you replace a tire valve stem, make sure that it&rsquo;s the part that&rsquo;s causing a leak and not the tire itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One way to check if the valve stem is leaking is by combining water and dish soap and pouring the mixture over the uncapped valve stem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bubbles forming at the end of the stem indicate a damaged tire valve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In most cases, wear and tear could have damaged the spring-mounted mechanism inside the valve core.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Maintenance Tips for Longer-Lasting Tires<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proper tire maintenance can also mean a long service life for valve stems. Here are some tips you might want to look at to get the most out of your tires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rotate Your Tires Regularly<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rotating the front and rear tires is one of the ways to extend their service life because it can even out tread wear. Experts recommend <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/tire-rotation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"rotating your tires\">rotating your tires<\/a> once every 10,000 to 12,000 km or every six months.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Make Sure Your Tires are Inflated Properly<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Your tires should have the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/putting-air-in-your-tires-are-you-doing-it-right\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"right amount of pressure\">right amount of pressure<\/a>. Over or underinflated tires can result in acceleration, braking, and steering problems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Get a Wheel Alignment<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Getting your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/5-warning-signs-your-car-needs-an-alignment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"wheels aligned\">wheels aligned<\/a> once every 25,000 km prevents uneven tread wear.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Inspect Your Tires<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/how-to-check-tire-tread-and-tire-pressure\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Check your tires\">Check your tires<\/a> for any signs of cracks, bulges, punctures, and uneven tread wear.<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span>A tire valve stem is the small pin sticking out of the tire that holds air and lets you inflate&#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/tire-valve-stem-basics-types-operation-replacement-costs-and-more\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":83049,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[52,3752],"tags":[3772],"ppma_author":[2607,2985],"class_list":["post-83023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-diy","category-wheels-and-tires","tag-tire-valve-stem-cap","entry"],"acf":{"adrotate_specific_mobile_ad":"","adrotate_specific_desktop_ad":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tire Valve Stem Basics: Types, Operation, Replacement Costs, and More - In The Garage with CarParts.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Find out the different parts and types of tire valve stems found in cars, trucks, and trailers.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/tire-valve-stem-basics-types-operation-replacement-costs-and-more\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tire Valve Stem Basics: Types, Operation, Replacement Costs, and More - In The Garage with CarParts.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Find out the different parts and types of tire valve stems found in cars, trucks, and trailers.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/tire-valve-stem-basics-types-operation-replacement-costs-and-more\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"In The Garage with CarParts.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/carpartscom\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-05-02T01:49:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-12-19T14:26:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/car-tire-valve-stem-visible-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1365\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@carpartscom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@carpartscom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carparts.com\\\/blog\\\/tire-valve-stem-basics-types-operation-replacement-costs-and-more\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carparts.com\\\/blog\\\/tire-valve-stem-basics-types-operation-replacement-costs-and-more\\\/\"},\"author\":[{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"$id\":\"4\",\"name\":\"CarParts.com Research Team\",\"jobTitle\":\"Expert Automotive Writer\",\"description\":\"The CarParts.com Research Team is composed of experienced automotive and tech writers working with (ASE)-certified automobile technicians and automotive journalists to bring up-to-date, helpful information to car owners in the US. 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He has produced a coffee table book of digital watercolors called \u201cMemories of South Alabama\u201d created from his personal photos, along with a dozen Christian fiction short original novels and a collection of short stories, all available in Kindle or softcover format. 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He has won two International Automotive Media Awards for technical articles published in trade magazines.<\/p><\/li>\r\n<li><p>Has attended hundreds of hours of automotive training from OEMs including GM, Volkswagen, Mazda, Renault, Jeep, Chrysler, as well as additional training at events like KC Vision and MACS (Mobile Air Climate Systems Association).<\/p><\/li>\r\n<li><p>Taught college level auto mechanics for 19 years.<\/p><\/li>\r\n<li><p>Has written for automotive training companies (including course development work for training companies in Canada and the Netherlands) and has been hired to teach professional trade show technician courses at multiple training events in Texas and Alabama.<\/p><\/li>\r\n<li><p>While still teaching at the college level, Richard launched a new automotive program in Geneva, Alabama, setting up a dual enrollment department in a new building, organizing the shop and classroom, teaching morning classes to high school students for 2 years while still teaching at the college in the afternoon.<\/p><\/li>\r\n<li><p>Richard\u2019s college program at Lurleen B. 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