{"id":8766,"date":"2022-04-08T02:29:00","date_gmt":"2022-04-08T09:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogv2prod.wpenginepowered.com\/blog\/?p=8766"},"modified":"2024-06-04T20:18:58","modified_gmt":"2024-06-05T03:18:58","slug":"what-does-a-speed-sensor-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/what-does-a-speed-sensor-do\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is a Speed Sensor and What Does It Do?"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 5<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span><style>.kadence-column_afccb0-c2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;}.kadence-column_afccb0-c2 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column_afccb0-c2 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column_afccb0-c2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column_afccb0-c2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column_afccb0-c2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column_afccb0-c2 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column_afccb0-c2{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column_afccb0-c2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column_afccb0-c2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column inner-column-1 kadence-column_afccb0-c2 qk-look-widget\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-row ultp-block-aa2e7c  qk-main-wrap\"><div class=\"ultp-row-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-row-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-column ultp-block-509bc9\"><div class=\"ultp-column-wrapper\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_7c21c6-46, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_7c21c6-46[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading_7c21c6-46\"]{text-align:center;font-size:20px;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_7c21c6-46 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_7c21c6-46[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading_7c21c6-46\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-family:Inter;font-weight:500;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_7c21c6-46 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_7c21c6-46[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading_7c21c6-46\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"kt-adv-heading_7c21c6-46 summary-title wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading_7c21c6-46\"><span>Summary<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) defines a speed sensor as a device that measures the number of revolutions or distance traveled per unit of time.<\/li><li>The sensor typically either reads steel teeth moving past the sensor as the wheel spins or magnetic pulses from a series of small, carefully spaced magnets embedded in the bearing seal.<\/li><li>The input shaft speed sensor tracks the speed of the input shaft, while the output shaft speed sensor detects the speed of the transmission output shaft.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>What is a speed sensor in a car? Modern vehicles contain a variety of different speed sensors. For example, most cars have a vehicle speed sensor and multiple wheel speed sensors. Other types of sensors, such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/crankshaft-position-sensor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"crankshaft position sensors\">crankshaft position sensors<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/camshaft-position-sensor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"camshaft position sensors\">camshaft position sensors<\/a>, are also technically speed sensors, even if they aren&rsquo;t referred to as such.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is a Speed Sensor?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) defines <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/speed-sensor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"a speed sensor\">a speed sensor<\/a> as a device that measures the number of revolutions or distance traveled per unit of time. One or more onboard computers (also known as control modules) receive data from the speed sensors. The modules then use the information to determine the operation of various output devices.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/automotive-speed-sensor-1024x614.png\" alt=\"automotive speed sensor\" class=\"wp-image-68271\" width=\"1024\" height=\"614\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/automotive-speed-sensor-1024x614.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/automotive-speed-sensor-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/automotive-speed-sensor-768x461.png 768w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/automotive-speed-sensor-150x90.png 150w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/automotive-speed-sensor.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><figcaption>A speed sensor as a device that measures the number of revolutions or distance traveled per unit of time.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>One example is the vehicle speed sensor (VSS). You might be wondering, &ldquo;what does a speed sensor do?&rdquo; As you probably guessed, the control module monitors the VSS signal to detect how fast the vehicle is traveling. The module then uses that data to determine the control of devices, such as the transmission shift solenoids and the speedometer. Without speed sensors, your speedometer and automatic transmission will likely run into issues.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Most of the time, the VSS is located on the transmission output shaft. As such, the VSS may also be referred to as an output shaft speed sensor. Some vehicles use both an input and output shaft speed sensor to monitor transmission operation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wheel speed input is typically used for vehicle dynamics purposes such as anti-lock brakes, stability control, and traction control among others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Does the Speed Sensor Work?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Like any other speed sensor, a speed sensor can be an inductive sensor (magnet with a wire coil surrounding it) that produces an AC analog wave, or it can be digital, which produces a square wave. Some wheel speed sensors are designed to detect whether the vehicle is moving forward or backward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The sensor typically either reads steel teeth moving past the sensor as the wheel spins (this is very common) or in some cases, a series of small, carefully spaced magnets will be embedded in the bearing seal and the sensor will be designed to read those magnetic pulses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wheel speed sensors (WSS) are another example of an automotive speed sensor. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/what-is-abs-anti-lock-braking-system-a-complete-guide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"anti-lock brake (ABS)\">anti-lock brake (ABS)<\/a> module monitors each wheel&rsquo;s speed via the sensors. During an emergency braking situation, the module uses the data to determine when to pulse hydraulic pressure to the brakes, thereby preventing wheel lockup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"article-search-widget\">\n<div class=\"cp-search\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cld.partsimg.com\/image\/upload\/w_auto,dpr_auto\/carparts\/logos\/badge_wordmark\/full_color\/CP_LOGO_COLOUR_RGB\" alt=\"CarParts.com\" width=\"300\" height=\"56\">\n<\/div>\n<form id=\"cpsearchform\" name=\"cpsearchform\" action=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/search\" method=\"get\" target=\"_blank\" accept-charset=\"character_set\" aria-label=\"search CarParts.com\">\n    <input type=\"text\" class=\"keyword\" name=\"q\" placeholder=\"Search for parts on CarParts.com\" value=\"\" aria-label=\"Search CarParts.com\"><input type=\"submit\" class=\"btn-search\" value=\"Search\" aria-label=\"Search\">\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Is the Difference Between Input and Output Speed Sensors?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As mentioned, some transmissions use two speed sensors to change gears accurately and adjust the torque converter.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To achieve ideal transmission performance, these two sensors have to fulfill their functions. Here&rsquo;s the difference between the input and output shaft speed sensors:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/car-speed-sensors-1024x614.png\" alt=\"car speed sensors\" class=\"wp-image-68272\" width=\"1024\" height=\"614\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/car-speed-sensors-1024x614.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/car-speed-sensors-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/car-speed-sensors-768x461.png 768w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/car-speed-sensors-150x90.png 150w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/car-speed-sensors.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><figcaption>As their names imply, the ISS detects the speed of the input shaft while the OSS detects the transmission output shaft.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Input Shaft Speed Sensor or ISS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Because it&rsquo;s located near the turbine of the torque converter, this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/automatic-transmission-input-shaft-speed-sensor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"transmission speed sensor\">transmission speed sensor<\/a> can also bear the name &ldquo;turbine speed sensor.&rdquo;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is used to track the speed of the input shaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output Shaft Speed Sensor or OSS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/automatic-transmission-output-shaft-speed-sensor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"output shaft\">output shaft<\/a> detects the speed of the transmission output shaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Intermediate Shaft<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Some linear automatic transmissions will have a sensor reading the speed of the intermediate shaft in the transmission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"761\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/speed-sensor-1024x761.png\" alt=\"speed sensor on white background\" class=\"wp-image-8768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/speed-sensor-1024x761.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/speed-sensor-300x223.png 300w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/speed-sensor-768x571.png 768w, https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/speed-sensor.png 1105w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><figcaption>All speed sensors read a reluctor wheel or exciter ring that is mounted to whatever rotating device is being monitored.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Where are Speed Sensors Located?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In simple terms, the ISS sits on the front-end part of the transmission near the torque converter, while the OSS sits near the rear of the transmission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The computer compares the data from these two sensors to make adjustments in the transmission&rsquo;s operation and to detect internal transmission problems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Speed Sensors Work<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Although the various speed sensors found throughout your vehicle serve different purposes, they all work in a similar fashion. All speed sensors read a reluctor wheel or exciter ring that is mounted to whatever rotating device is being monitored, but the method for reading the reluctor often varies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Three Types of Wheel Speed Sensors<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Variable Reluctance<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Variable reluctance sensors are considered &ldquo;passive&rdquo; because they create their own voltage. When the teeth of the reluctor wheel passes in front of the sensor, it creates a voltage signal that is sent to the control module.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hall-Effect<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Hall-effect sensors are considered &ldquo;active&rdquo; sensors because they require an external electrical source to operate. These wheel speed sensors contain an integrated circuit and receive a reference voltage from the control module. When the reluctor wheel passes by the hall-effect sensor, it excites the integrated circuit inside to create the necessary signal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Magneto-Resistive&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Magneto-resistive sensors are also considered &ldquo;active&rdquo; sensors, plus they contain an integrated circuit&mdash;this means that they operate much like hall-effect sensors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The primary difference is, this design can detect direction as well as speed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Products Mentioned in this Guide<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"reusable-productlink\">\n\n<!-- start of editable content -->\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/camshaft-position-sensor\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Camshaft Position Sensor\" rel=\"noopener\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cld.partsimg.com\/image\/upload\/d_noimage.jpg,h_200,w_200,c_pad,f_auto,q_auto,dpr_auto,e_sharpen\/images\/repn311602_1\" alt=\"Camshaft Position Sensor\">\n<strong>Camshaft Position Sensor<\/strong>\n<\/a>\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/crankshaft-position-sensor\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Crankshaft Position Sensor\" rel=\"noopener\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cld.partsimg.com\/image\/upload\/d_noimage.jpg,h_200,w_200,c_pad,f_auto,q_auto,dpr_auto,e_sharpen\/images\/repi311803_1\" alt=\"Crankshaft Position Sensor\">\n<strong>Crankshaft Position Sensor<\/strong>\n<\/a>\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/speed-sensor\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Speed Sensor\" rel=\"noopener\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cld.partsimg.com\/image\/upload\/d_noimage.jpg,h_200,w_200,c_pad,f_auto,q_auto,dpr_auto,e_sharpen\/images\/repd313301_1\" alt=\"Speed Sensor\">\n<strong>Speed Sensor<\/strong>\n<\/a>\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/automatic-transmission-input-shaft-speed-sensor\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Automatic Transmission Input Shaft Speed Sensor\" rel=\"noopener\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cld.partsimg.com\/image\/upload\/d_noimage.jpg,h_200,w_200,c_pad,f_auto,q_auto,dpr_auto,e_sharpen\/images\/sisc103_1\" alt=\"Automatic Transmission Input Shaft Speed Sensor\">\n<strong>Automatic Transmission Input Shaft Speed Sensor<\/strong>\n<\/a>\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/automatic-transmission-output-shaft-speed-sensor\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Automatic Transmission Output Shaft Speed Sensor\" rel=\"noopener\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cld.partsimg.com\/image\/upload\/d_noimage.jpg,h_200,w_200,c_pad,f_auto,q_auto,dpr_auto,e_sharpen\/images\/sisc104_1\" alt=\"Automatic Transmission Output Shaft Speed Sensor\">\n<strong>Automatic Transmission Output Shaft Speed Sensor<\/strong>\n<\/a>\n\n<!-- end of editable content -->\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n    {\n        \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n        \"@type\": \"QAPage\",\n        \"mainEntity\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Question\",\n            \"name\": \"What Is a Speed Sensor and What Does It Do?\",\n            \"text\": \"What Is a Speed Sensor and What Does It Do?\",\n            \"answerCount\": 1,\n            \"upvoteCount\": 0,\n            \"dateCreated\": \"2022-04-08T09:29:00Z\",\n            \"dateModified\": \"2023-06-15T00:38:18Z\",\n            \"author\": {\n                \"@type\": \"Person\",\n                \"name\": \"A user\"\n            },\n            \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n                \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n                \"text\": \"The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) defines a speed sensor as a device that measures the number of revolutions or distance traveled per unit of time. One or more onboard computers (also known as control modules) receive data from the speed sensors. The modules then use the information to determine the operation of various output devices.\",\n                \"upvoteCount\": 0,\n                \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/what-does-a-speed-sensor-do\/\",\n                \"dateCreated\": \"2022-04-08T02:29:00Z\",\n                \"author\": [{\n                    \"@type\": \"Person\",\n                    \"name\": \"Richard McCuistian, ASE Certified Master Automobile Technician\"\n                  },\n                  {\n                    \"@type\": \"Person\",\n                    \"name\": \"CarParts.com Research Team\"\n                }]\n            }\n        }\n    }\n<\/script>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 5<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span>What is a speed sensor in a car? Modern vehicles contain a variety of different speed sensors. For example, most&#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/what-does-a-speed-sensor-do\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":8767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[52,3758],"tags":[1601],"ppma_author":[2607,2985],"class_list":{"0":"post-8766","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-diy","8":"category-electrical-system","9":"tag-speed-sensor-2","10":"entry"},"acf":{"adrotate_specific_mobile_ad":"","adrotate_specific_desktop_ad":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Is a Speed Sensor and What Does It Do? - In The Garage with CarParts.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What does a speed sensor do and how does it work? 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Find out what a speed sensor is, what the difference is between input and output speed sensors, and more.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/what-does-a-speed-sensor-do\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"In The Garage with CarParts.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/carpartscom\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-04-08T09:29:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-06-05T03:18:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.carparts.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/speedometer-on-speeding-car.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"533\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@carpartscom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@carpartscom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carparts.com\\\/blog\\\/what-does-a-speed-sensor-do\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carparts.com\\\/blog\\\/what-does-a-speed-sensor-do\\\/\"},\"author\":[{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"$id\":\"4\",\"name\":\"CarParts.com Research Team\",\"jobTitle\":\"Expert Automotive Writer\",\"description\":\"The CarParts.com Research Team is composed of experienced automotive and tech writers working with (ASE)-certified automobile technicians and automotive journalists to bring up-to-date, helpful information to car owners in the US. 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He has produced a coffee table book of digital watercolors called \u201cMemories of South Alabama\u201d created from his personal photos, along with a dozen Christian fiction short original novels and a collection of short stories, all available in Kindle or softcover format. 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He has won two International Automotive Media Awards for technical articles published in trade magazines.<\/p><\/li>\r\n<li><p>Has attended hundreds of hours of automotive training from OEMs including GM, Volkswagen, Mazda, Renault, Jeep, Chrysler, as well as additional training at events like KC Vision and MACS (Mobile Air Climate Systems Association).<\/p><\/li>\r\n<li><p>Taught college level auto mechanics for 19 years.<\/p><\/li>\r\n<li><p>Has written for automotive training companies (including course development work for training companies in Canada and the Netherlands) and has been hired to teach professional trade show technician courses at multiple training events in Texas and Alabama.<\/p><\/li>\r\n<li><p>While still teaching at the college level, Richard launched a new automotive program in Geneva, Alabama, setting up a dual enrollment department in a new building, organizing the shop and classroom, teaching morning classes to high school students for 2 years while still teaching at the college in the afternoon.<\/p><\/li>\r\n<li><p>Richard\u2019s college program at Lurleen B. 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